Tungsten

Tungsten is also known as wolfram. Its atomic atomic number 74 and its symbol is “W”. Itsatomic weight is 183.85. Tungsten is a steel gray metal found naturally on earth. It can be combined into chemical compounds. It was claimed a new element in 1781 and was first prepared as a metal in 1783. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the non-alloyed metals. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all metals, and because of this it is used for the filaments of light bulbs. It is alloyed with other metals to strengthen them - for example, for military armour and cutting tools. Tungsten and its alloys are used extensively for filaments for electric lamps, electron tubes and television tubes. As it has the highest melting point of all metals it is used in numerous high-temperature applications. High-speed tool steels contain tungsten, as does a new “painless” dental drill which spins at ultra-high speeds. Tungsten carbide is immensely hard and is of great importance to the metal-working, mining and petroleum industries. Calcium and magnesium tungstates are widely used in fluorescent lighting. By Wren Hamilton Source : Royal society of chemistry Tungsten is NOT tongue. By: Nantahala
 * Tungsten** (by Brennen McCulloch)
 * Discovery Date: 1783
 * Symbol used reflects the once common use of the element in light bulbs

=Tungsten= || [|/]  [|ˈ][|w][|ʊ][|l][|f][|r][|əm]   [|/]   [|//**wuul**-frəm//]  || 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 || (mildly [|acidic] oxide) || ||
 * ~ Name, [|symbol], [|number] || * tungsten, W, 74
 * ~ Pronunciation || [|/]   [|ˈ][|t][|ʌ][|ŋ][|s][|t][|ən]   [|/]   [|//**tung**-stən//]  ;
 * ~ [|Element category] || [|transition metal] ||
 * ~ [|Group], [|period] , [|block] || [|6]  , [|6] , [|d] ||
 * ~ [|Standard atomic weight] || 183.84 ||
 * ~ [|Electron configuration] || [ [|Xe] ] 4f14 5d4 6s2 [|[1]]
 * ~ History ||
 * ~ [|Discovery] || [|Torbern Bergman] (1781) ||
 * ~ First isolation || [|Juan José Elhuyar] and [|Fausto Elhuyar] (1783) ||
 * ~ Physical properties ||
 * ~ [|Phase] || [|solid] ||
 * ~ [|Density] (near [|r.t.] ) || 19.25 g·cm−3 ||
 * ~ Liquid [|density] at [|m.p.] || 17.6 g·cm−3 ||
 * ~ [|Melting point] || 3695 [|K] , 3422 °C, 6192 °F ||
 * ~ [|Boiling point] || 5828 K, 5555 °C, 10031 °F ||
 * ~ [|Critical point] || 13892 K, MPa ||
 * ~ [|Heat of fusion] || 35.3 [|kJ·mol−1] ||
 * ~ [|Heat of vaporization] || 806.7 kJ·mol−1 ||
 * ~ [|Molar heat capacity] || 24.27 J·mol−1·K−1 ||
 * ~ [|Vapor pressure] ||
 * || P (Pa) || 1 || 10 || 100 || 1 k || 10 k || 100 k ||
 * at T (K) || 3477 || 3773 || 4137 || 4579 || 5127 || 5823 ||  ||
 * ~ Atomic properties ||
 * ~ [|Oxidation states] || **6**, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2
 * ~ [|Electronegativity] || 2.36 (Pauling scale) ||
 * ~ [|Ionization energies] || 1st: 770 kJ·mol−1 ||
 * ^  || 2nd: 1700 kJ·mol−1 ||
 * ~ [|Atomic radius] || 139 [|pm] ||
 * ~ [|Covalent radius] || 162±7 pm ||
 * ~ Miscellanea ||
 * ~ [|Crystal structure] || [|body-centered cubic]
 * ~ [|Magnetic ordering] || [|paramagnetic][|[2]] ||
 * ~ [|Electrical resistivity] || (20 °C) 52.8 nΩ·m ||
 * ~ [|Thermal conductivity] || 173 W·m−1·K−1 ||
 * ~ [|Thermal expansion] || (25 °C) 4.5 µm·m−1·K−1 ||
 * ~ [|Speed of sound] (thin rod) || ( [|r.t.] ) (annealed) 4620 m·s−1 ||
 * ~ [|Young's modulus] || 411 GPa ||
 * ~ [|Shear modulus] || 161 GPa ||
 * ~ [|Bulk modulus] || 310 GPa ||
 * ~ [|Poisson ratio] || 0.28 ||
 * ~ [|Mohs hardness] || 7.5 ||
 * ~ [|Vickers hardness] || 3430 MPa ||
 * ~ [|Brinell hardness] || 2570 MPa ||
 * ~ [|CAS registry number] || 7440-33-7 ||
 * ~ Most stable isotopes ||
 * = Main article: [|Isotopes of tungsten] ||
 * ||~ [|iso] ||~ [|NA] ||~ [|half-life] ||~ [|DM] ||~ [|DE] ( [|MeV] ) ||~ [|DP] ||
 * 180W || 0.12% || [|1.8×1018y] || [|α] || 2.516 || [|176Hf] ||
 * 181W || [|syn] || 121.2 [|d] || [|ε] || 0.188 || [|181Ta] ||
 * 182W || 26.50% || [|>1.7×1020y] || ( [|α] ) || 1.772 || [|178Hf] ||
 * 183W || 14.31% || [|>8×1019 y] || ( [|α] ) || 1.680 || [|179Hf] ||
 * 184W || 30.64% || [|>1.8×1020y] || ( [|α] ) || 1.123 || [|180Hf] ||
 * 185W || [|syn] || 75.1 [|d] || [|β−] || 0.433 || [|185Re] ||
 * 186W || 28.43% || [|>4.1×1018y] || ( [|α] ) || 1.656 || [|182Hf] ||
 * ^  ||^   ||^   || ( [|β−β−] ) || - || [|186Os] ||
 * = Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed ||  ||